Method and apparatus for producing chemical reactions in a mass of gases.



1 'A. A. NAV-ILLE A1. A. & o. E. GUYE. n'mon nn APPARATUS FOR ra'onucmecHnMIc L' REACTIONS m A MASS OF GASES.

APPLIOATI'ON FILED SEPT. 28, 1906.

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CHARLES EUGENE Gurs, citizens of Switzer- To all whomit may concernsTATEsr T N orrrcn,

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' narnon-m"nrmrus r02. rnonucme cnsmcar. nsacrrons m A mass or Be itknown that we, Anofa Had land, residing at 3 Chemin ,des Cottages,

' j Geneva, Switzerland, haveinvented certain new and useful Imr'overnents in Methods and Apparatus for roducm Chemical Reactions m aMass of Gases, o which the following is a specification.

, reactions a mass of gases, for instance the combination of nitrogenwith oxygen.

It isflessential that the gas which has been "subjected to the action ofthe arc should be immediately removed from this action, gas

, substituted which has not been-acted ject mm o upon. The apparatuswhich forms the subthe present inv'entionis designed to realize thisessential by communieating to a continuous current are a rapid--rotat1on by means of a rotary magnetic France, No. 361,827, datedfield, and has been "patented 25in countries t6 the United States asfollows:

v 0v. 3,1906; ap- .plication filed Oct. 7, 190 addition No.

I 5805, dated November 21,- 1905 Austria,

No. 638, dated May 15, 19085application filed imp-20,1906. Great B 1 iPatent No. 21,3?8, of 1906, dated.Au'gust l5, .1907, application filedSept. 26, 1906.

' Figure 1" is a vertical sdction illustrating the manner in-which anarc is deflected during its rotation, the electrodes of the apparatusshown bein rectilinea y straight. Fig. 2" is a view 0 the apparatuspartially in section and artially in e lspective showing one electroerectilmear yjstraight and the remaining electrode circulair. Fig. 3shows a further change in the a paratus, wherein both electrodes arecircu ar, the, electrodes being in perspective. Figs. 1", 2' and 3 showviews of the apparatus respectively similar to those disclosedby Figs.1, 2 and 3, and illustrate corresponding variations in the-appearanee-ofthe arc when-set .in ro- .ftation by the'rotary magnetic field. Figs.

4 and 5' represent views of further modifications. Flg." 6 is ahorizontal section, otherwise corresponding toFigil and showing the areat one point of its rotation.

According to the type of electrodes A easas.

the appearance of the are being either that of a sphere moreorlesselongate'd (Fig. 1

- Patented Aug. 13, 191 2. 2

B,'Figs. If to 3 both inclusive, the form of the arc will bemore or-lessvar1ed,

or that of a cone (Fig. 2), or that 0:f .a cyl-.

inder (Fig. 3*).

a Fig. 4: hows aform 'of the invention in which the rotary field isconstituted by two systems of rectangular electro-ma-gnets, B

' and C, electrically coiiperating with an interposed element A, andenergized by twophase currents; it is evident that the rotary field maybe produced in. any manner by polyphase currents with aidof any of thenumerous arrangements that are used in electrical engineering,particularly in the construction of-rotary field motors.

- The modification shown in section-in Fig.

5, re resents atype of furnace having especia ly advantaeons-electrodes. The upper one a is a dis having a downwardly extendingrim, or it may be a' cone. The lower electrode b is a tube which servesas a duct for introducing gases. The whole is inclosed in anarrowchamber c of insulating and refractory material. By suitablyadjustin'g the flow of the gases, these meetthe are as it i sin ra idrotation. The speed of the rotation of t e are depends on thefre quencyof the current and to a certain de-' gree on the power oftherotary'field. The object in view can be attained equally well by usingalternating current arcs. The

agparatps is identical with that described a ove exceptthat the arc,instead of, being fed by a continuous current, is fed with analternating current of which the periodicity may be the same as ordifferent from that of the rotar field. In the lattercas'e it is easy,-as has tion of the are. -In Fig. 1, Erepresent the electrodes and ;H thearc. Under these conditions'the arc' will'tend to describe 'a enexperimentally ascertained, to insure that the arc shall have a rotaryelevation and plan respectively or' the posisemi-circle- B 'A B duringthe first half period and will return in the reverse direction B Bduring the second half period.

50 said are in its rotation the rotation is displaced;

" of carrying the same into practical ,efi'ect,

' v reactionsin fluids,

shape, such that an Wlllll at an angle Y'EIXIS of the electrodes,

rotary field and .th

reactitms In other words, it will oscillate around the position A,

vance or a retardation and the principal position A will be displaced inone direction when ,n' is greater than 121 and in the Ireverse directionwhen n is less than n. Theprincipal I position A will rotate a't firstslowly if t e difl'erence n' n is small, but will increase in speedwithin the more rapidly the greater in periodicity between the e arecurrent. Inst-his arrangement the arcrhas not only a con tinuous rotarymovement 'vdetermined by the difference of periodicity n''n but anoscilcertain limits the difference lation of greater orless amplitudearoundthe principal position in proportion as this This two-fold effectis particularly favorable to the production of chemical'reactions in thegases by the action ,of the electric ar y l ,Y

N It is to be noted that in all the-apparatusownin the drawings the areproduced is at an angle less than ninetydegrees with the planeofrotation of the arc.

-, Whil e we have described the best form of,

our invention now known to us, itis obvious that our-invention may begiven many forms by those skilledin the art without departing in anywisefrom its generic scope. We, therefore, claims all of the forms which ourinvention may be given.

, Haying thus described the nature of our.

said invention and the best means weknow we cla mz lLfAn apparatus forproducing chemical comprisingspaced electrodes, said electrodes being ofa relative arc struck between them of u means for maintaining the 'arc'between said electrodes, and'mag neticmeans for rotating said arc,whereby defines andi'nean'sj for introducing fluid. at the base 'of saidfigure and passing it"throughhthe i zone traversed bysaid are;

'2. 'An "apparatus for'producing chemical in a mass fgases, consistinginmeans for torn-hug and causing'an alternat- 'ing electric are re play inthe said mass, ducing sin-alternating rotary magnetic field having 'afrequency and subjecting said-{arc un alternating lectric react-ions ina mass of gases,

' means for forming.

desire" to coverin the annexed,

held to influence asoli'd figure,

pro; ay magnetic,

] tcrnutin'g currengand pass ng a continuous in contact with the 12different from the frelcurrent 'of ga atoll;

consisting of arc with a .coiiperah ing rotary field 'for'correspondingly moving the said are, and ineansj for feeding the ro--.tary field \and arc with currents of different periodicitiesar v 4. Anapparatus for reactions in a mass of' gases, consisting of electrodesfort fiorrning anelectric arc and causing the latter to play inthe-;-mass of a'se s,'a nd a stationary source of magnetism or whicthesaid arc issu'bjec'ted and causing 'the arc torotate in one-planeabout the-axis of one of .the electrodes.

5. An; apparatus for producing chemical reactions in amassof'gase'syconsisting of an are having a constant length and causi'nthe latter-to lay in a mass of gases whic move in relation to the arcand continually replaceportions thereof which have ben-acted,up'on-b'ythe are, and arotarymagnetic-field to the-action of which' said arc issubjected to rot-ate the are.

6. The methodo'rprocess of rotating elec-' tric area or.electricadischarges :whichcons'ists in establishing, electric arc,rotatin ,said.arcby means of a rotary magnetic fielfi sup lied withalternating current having a quency difi'erent from the frequency. ofthecurren-tsupfplied to said are, and passing a current 0 past and incontact withit-he said are.

7 The method of bodil rotating an electric arc ina mass of fluiWlilOhiC0nSi$tS in establishing a, rotary magneticfield in the path ofthe ,fluid, and striking-andlmainoo taining the arc-at an angle.totfthe' plane of I rotation of said field. 1

8. The :method of rotating-bodily an electric are in a mass of fluid,which consists in establishing theta'rc ing extended arcing surfaces andan open space between said surfaces'in. which said are can move; in'a-circuit, and establishing a rotary mugneticg'field -in aQ-plane at anangle to are. L w I -9. The ,rnethodjpr process of-ideviating electricarcs or electric disch arges, which consists. in. establishing. e an.electric arc of constant length, creating a rotary magnetic andpassing-a continuous current ofgas pashand contact, with. the said arc.10,-Th'ejmet hod or process of,- dev atln electric all-es er electric:discharges, vWhic consists in yestablishing an alternating cu1"- I20rent electric arc of ,copst ant length; influencing and rotating thesaid arc-by. means of a su ppliedv with an alp t i ethod deviatin' fifiid i' e kfi discharges, whic i electric, arc havsteaming chemicalroducing .a rotary. magnetic,v field to 5 an ,alternating current 6 gasbetween electrodes havand rotatethesaid arc,

tins of am alter- 1'30 nating current, rotating the said km by net-i0;field-which gives it an oscillatory 1'0- means of a rotary magnetic.fiield su plied tation.

.with an alternating cur'rnt o f di e rent In testimony whereof we havehereunto periodicity from jhat offli' 'iiirnt used set our hands inprescnce of fwo subscribing 15 5 to feed the arc, and causing a currentof gas witnesses.

to continually pass and be brought in con- 1 ALOYS ADI-HEX NAVILLE..tact'with the said arc. v PHILIPPE AUGUSIE GUYE. 12. The process ofproducing che'mical re- 7 CHARLES EUGENE GU YE. v actions in a rpuss ofgases which consists in Witnesses: i0 producing an electric arc in saidmass and L. H. Mtmllan,

subjecting said are to the notion of lining EMILE HENRY R m.-

